POACEAE (Gramineae) – Grass Family
CLASSIFICATION
Class- Monocotyledons
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Embryo with single cotyledon.
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Venation parallel.
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Flower trimerous.
Series- Glumaceae
·
Flower solitary, sessile in the axil of bract
and enclosed in glumes.
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Perianth of the scale or none.
·
Ovary superior, unilocular with one ovule.
Family- Divided into two Families
1. Cyperaceae
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Perinnial herbs with 3-angled stem.
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Flowers in spikelet’s, naked and Hermaphrodite
or unisexual.
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Leaves with sheathing base without lemma and
palea.
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Perianth absent and stigma linear.
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Gynoecium 2-3 carpellary, syncarpous, superior
and unilocular with one ovule.
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Nut trigonous.
2. Poaceae
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Herbs or shrubs with hollow internodes and
jointed stem
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Leaves distichous with distinct sheath enclosing
the stem and linear blade with often a ligule at their junction.
·
Flowers in spikelet with two glumes, reduced and
enclosed in lemma and palea.
·
Perianth represented by lodicules, ovary
superior and stigmas feathery
·
Fruit caryopsis
CUCURBITACEAE – Cucurbit or Gourd Family
Climbing plants use other plants or rocks and manmade structures for
support. They belong to class Dicotyledons. Climbers are mainly distributed in
the tropics and subtropics, in temperate regions often found in cultivation.
Released from the function of holding up the plant shoots, the stems possess
little or no ability to bear any weight (compression), but instead they are
very flexible and have considerable tensile strength, meaning that stems have
evolved characteristics to resist pulling and twisting.
Class- Dicotyledons
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Embryo with two cotyledons.
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Venation reticulate.
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Flowers tetramerous or pentamerous.
Subclass- Polypetalae
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Flowers with two whorls of perianth.
·
Inner petals free.
Series- Calyciflorae
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Sepals united adnate to ovary.
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Flowers perigynous or epigynous.
Order- Passiflorales
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Flower epigynous.
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Styles free or united and carpels united.
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Placentation parietal.
Family-
Cucurbitaceae
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Plant tendril climber
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Leaves palmately lobed.
·
Flowers unisexual, anther monothecous, stamens 5
and variously united.
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Placentation becoming false axile due to
intruded placentae.
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Fruit a berry or pepo.
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